Levels of Government

Essential Word Spiral

Links to EW Sheets 1 - 30:

Bill of Rights	Great Migration	New Deal
Capitalism	Great War	Nineteenth Amendment
Compromise	Harlem Renaissance	Normalcy
Constitution	Immigration	Panama Canal
Credit	Innovators	Progressives
Declaration of Independence	Judicial	Propaganda
Executive	Labor	Reservations
Fourteenth Amendment	Legislative	Teddy Roosevelt
Frontier	Levels of Government	Titans of Industry
Great Depression	Manifest Destiny	Uncle Sam

Link to Constitution Test Images (sheet 60)

Link to ICA workday/ E and R records (sheet 31)

Link to Chapter Summary Notes (sheet 41)

Link to Vocabulary (sheet 70)

Bill of Rights

A) Federal equals the first ten amendments B) freedom of speech, press, assembly, petition, and religion C) Illinois protects against discrimination in housing and employment D) limits government power and describes the rights of citizens	Bill of Rights Chapter: 7+
Notes: "limits govt power (one arm tied)" & "citizen rights"
Connections:
Other:

Capitalism

A) Individuals, not governments make economic decisions B) private ownership and control of property	Capitalism Chapter:24+
Notes: "Greed is Good?" & "reward individual success" & "$"
Connections:
Other:

Compromise

A) Agreement between two or more sides to settle a dispute
B) Great and 3/5 settled in Philadelphia in 1787
C) Henry Clay

Compromise
Chapter: 7+

Notes: "requires civil discourse" & "links parties, branches, levels & people"

Connections:


	Compromise

Compromise Quiz

Big Ideas:
bi-cameral legislature: House & Senate

Then:
slaves (and women): incomplete rights

Future:
statesmen will emerge (Henry Clay)
cooperation: horsetrading and backscratching

Other:
H & G Notes

Constitution

A) A written plan of government
B) can be changed with amendments
C) defines the government structures of the U.S. (1789) and Illinois (1970)

Constitution
Chapter: 7

Notes: "written plan" & "defined rules"
rticles of Confederation

Connections:
o


	Constitution

ver L & E

Other:

Credit

A) Installment buying B) mass entertainment	Credit Chapter: 25+
Notes: "loans = live large, but. . ." & "disposable income"
Connections:
Other:

Declaration of Independence

A) “Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness” B) describes duties of citizenship C) written by Thomas Jefferson, and ratified in Philadelphia on July 4, 1776	Declaration of Independence Chapter: 5
Notes: "me v. us conflict" ladelphia




Connections: )
Other: Big Ideas: 35 & 36) "Pursuit of Life, Liberty and Happiness" 9) "All men are created equal" 10) Power to the People 18) People have a duty to protect liberty Then: 6 - 8) notify King, Patriots, France 17) signers risked all 15 & 16) want power to make War, Peace, Alliances & Commerce Future: 11) Natives are savages 12 & 13) women & minority inspiration

Executive

A) Enforces laws B) has appointment and veto powers C) includes the president and governor	Executive Chapter: 7+
Notes: "buck stops here?"
Connections:
Other:

Fourteenth Amendment

A) Demands ‘equal protection’ for all under the law B) not originally enforced due to Jim Crow laws, but used to stop discrimination after Brown v. Board of Education case of 1954 C) Reconstruction effort to protect newly freed slaves in 1868	Fourteenth Amendment Chapter: 21+
Notes: "Who is equal" & "What is equal?"
Connections:
Other:

Frontier

A) Homesteading, mining, vacqueros, and the transcontinental railroad B) unsettled areas of land which lasted until the Oklahoma Land Rush of 1889	Frontier Chapter: 18
Notes: "American Spirit of growth and progress" ans
Connections:
Other:

Great Depression

A) Economic slump that began on Black Thursday, 1929 and lasted until 1940 B) Hoovervilles and the Dust Bowl	Great Depression Chapter: 25
Notes: "economic cycles" & "end is where?"
Connections: WI Vets
Other:

Great Migration

A) Resulted from the failure of Reconstruction and a booming economy in the North B) South to North movement of U.S. blacks between 1900 and 1950 which produced Harlem and other “black” metropoli	Great Migration Chapter: 23+
Notes: "Goodbye & Hello" & "rural to urban"
Connections:
Other:

Great War

A) 11:00 a.m., November 11, 1918 B) original name for World War I C) sinking of the Lusitania D) trench warfare	Great War Chapter: 23
Notes: "End all Wars?" & "millions killed/ wounded" & "attack civilians"
Connections:
Other:

Harlem Renaissance

A) Expansion of black economic and artistic opportunties in the U.S. in the 1920’s B) jazz and poetry featured	Harlem Renaissance Chapter: 24
Notes: "foundation" & "bittersweet" & "dig it?"
Connections:
Other:

Immigration

A) Celebrated by the Statue of Liberty dedication in 1886 B) changes a culture by bringing in new ideas C) provides labor for an expanding economy D) the relocation of people into a country due to push and pull factors	Immigration Chapter: 20+
Notes: "curse or blessing?" mobility and B of R
Connections:
Other:

Innovators

A) Develop new products and ideas B) Henry Ford, Thomas Edison, and George Washington Carver	Innovators Chapter: 19+
Notes: "American spirit?" & "New and Improved!"
Connections: very
Other:

Judicial

A) District/ circuit, Apellate, and Supreme levels B) federal members receive life terms C) interprets laws D) rules on issues of constitutionality	Judicial Chapter: 7+
Notes: "define words/ rules"
Connections: l Review
Other:

Labor

A) Sweatshops B) unions C) workers in a factory or company	Labor Chapter: 19+
Notes: "organized" & "heroes or villains?"
Connections:
Other:

Legislative

A) Makes laws B) Congress equals the U.S. House and U.S. Senate/ General Assembly equals the Illinois House and Illinois Senate C) U.S. benefits from the elastic clause	Legislative Chapter: 7+
Notes: "make rules, then limited"
Connections:
Other:

Levels of Government

A) Federal, state, and local B) power is shared, but federal is supreme C) Washington D.C., Springfield, McLean County, and Bloomington	Levels of Government Chapter: 7+
Notes: "jurisdiction limits"
Connections:
Other:

Manifest Destiny

A) 19th century idea that God blessed and desired U.S. growth and wanted the U.S. to spread from Atlantic to Pacific Ocean B) Used to justify war with Mexico in 1846	Manifest Destiny Chapter: 12+
Notes: "God's Good Guys Grow!"
Connections: mas Jefferson
Other:

New Deal

A) Created by Franklin D. Roosevelt to provide relief, recovery, and reform for Great Depression B) expanded the role of the federal government in daily life C) period when Social Security Program began	New Deal Chapter: 25
Notes: "Govt can (can't) save you!"
Connections:
Other:

Nineteenth Amendment

A) Goal set forth by the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 B) guaranteed women the right to vote	Nineteenth Amendment Chapter: 21+
Notes: "vote = power"
Connections:
Other:

Normalcy

A) Acts of intolerance B) effort to preserve “traditional” American values in the face of “radicalism” C) isolationism D) nativism E) Prohibition	Normalcy Chapter: 24+
Notes: "Good (and bad) old days" & "cyclical" A) racism/ KKK: need definition B) Scopes Trial: need definition C) foreign policy: need definition D) quota system: need definition E) bootlegger: need definition All these come together to show how the changes going on in the U.S. in the 1920's created a sense of fear and a desire to maintain the status quo.
Connections:
Other:

Panama Canal

A) Benefits trade and military activities of the U.S. B) shipping channel through Central America opened in 1914 as a result of direct U.S. intervention	Panama Canal Chapter: 22
Notes: "U.S. Can Do!"
Connections:
Other:

Progressives

A) Reformers who fought against poverty and corruption and encouraged government regulations to solve social problems B) Hull House and other settlement houses C) The Jungle and other muckraking literature	Progressives Chapter: 21+
Notes: "Groups/ Govt can solve problems"
Connections:
Other:

Propaganda

A) Includes advertising and other efforts to guide public opinion B) one-sided information designed to gain support for a cause	Propaganda Chapter: 23+
Notes: "unfair, but effective" & "don't be sheep--Think!"
Connections:
Other:

Reservations

A) U.S. defined areas of settlement for Native Americans B) Wounded Knee, Chief Joseph, and Buffalo Soldiers	Reservations Chapter: 18
Notes: "Special Land" & "Still Exist"
Connections:
Other:

Teddy Roosevelt

A) Conservation and environmentalism B) Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine C) trustbuster	Teddy Roosevelt Chapter: 21
Notes: "Big Stick" & "Break Things" & "GWB role model"
Connections:
Other:

Titans of Industry

A) Philanthropy B) robber barons C) wealthy owners of giant corporations	Titans of Industry Chapter: 19+
Notes: "heroes or villains?"
Connections:
Other:

Uncle Sam

A) Character who depicts the U.S. during wartime B) Espionage Act created to limit opposition C) Selective Service created for manpower D) taxes and bonds used to raise money E) Victory Gardens planted to provide support	Uncle Sam Chapter: 23
Notes: "Great War solution s" & "war sacrifices"
Connections: em
Other:

ICA Workday/ E and R records:

Spiral sheet 31 should be used to record work to do on a daily basis. Please list the activities you are working on and stay busy for the whole period. Playing will result in a suspension of credit that can only be released by 15 minutes of working before or after school. If you have nothing else to work on, Backside notes for the EW Spiral be researched and developed.

Left side of Sheets 1 -29 (Backside Notes)

BSN will be recorded on the left page when the spiral is opened to an Essential Word. The Bill of Rights BSN will be on the inside cover of the spiral, the capitalism BSN will be on the backside of the Bill of Rights sheet, etc.

The idea of the BSN is to provide you with an opportunity to learn about the EW on your own or with peers. Each quarter, time will be set aside for you to present BSN’s for credit.

In order to earn credit, for each EW clue you need to record and present evidence that convinces me that:

1) you understand the clues (definition and understanding of their importance in social studies)
2) you have found a related term and definition
3) you can describe how each clue connects to the related EW

For the overall EW, you need to create a picture and a caption that includes all the clues and a ‘rhyme’ with today.

Although assessment will take place in an oral interview format, you will be able to use your EW Spiral information as a reference and to provide evidence of your learning.

You may work on research and creation with peers, but your presentation will be solo.

0	1	2	3	4
No Input	Work has started	Progress is evident	Significant progress --close to mastery	Mastery of the term and clues is evident

Chapter Summary Notes:

Unit	Chapter	Term	Definition
1	1	archaeology	the study of ancient peoples
1	1	nomads	people who move from place to place to survive
1	1	maize	an early form of corn that allowed nomads to settle in one spot
1	1	agriculture	involves farming and it allowed early Americans to form communities
1	2	Renaissance	a period of intellectual and artistic creativity
1	2	Columbian Exchange	Transfer of goods, ideas, and people between Europe and the Americas
1	2	Marco Polo	an explorer and an author who traveled from Italy to China. He wrote about the marvels of Asia.
1	2	Martin Luther	a German priest who believed that faith rather than good deeds was the way to salvation
1	2	Ferdinand Magellan	led an expedition of five ships around the world
1	2	Christopher Columbus	One of the first Europeans to explore the Americas
2	3	Spanish Missionaries	The founders of the California missions were the
2	3	tobacco	The Jamestown settlers saved their colony by planting
2	3	pacifists	People who refuse to use force or fight in wars are called
2	3	missions	Religious settlements established in California by the Spanish are called
2	4	Spanish missionaries	founded California religious settlements
2	4	tobacco	cash crop of Jamestown
2	4	pacifists	refuse to fight in wars
2	4	missions	religious settlements
2	4	a militia	civilians trained to fight in battle
2	4	Great Awakening	a religious revival in the 1730's and 1740's in America
2	4	slaves	did the work in Southern rice fields
2	4	Britain	lost power over colonies with the Treaty of Paris
2	4	the Middle Passage	leg of the Triangle Trade where slaves were transported to Americas
2	4	tenant farmers	live and work on land they don’t own
3	5	colonies	source of funds for the Mother Country
3	5	William Dawes	warned of British troop movements
3	5	Ben Franklin	Patriot inventor, philosopher and diplomat
3	5	Patrick Henry	"Give me Liberty, or Give me Death!"
3	5	John Adams	Placed the 'law' above his opinion of Redcoats
3	5	Thomas Jefferson	main author of D of I
3	5	George III	British 'Tyrant'
3	6	Patriots	supported independence from Britain
3	6	Tories	did not want to be free of Britain
3	6	Independence Hall	location for Continental Congresses
3	7	republic	citizens elect their representatives
3	7	monarchy	ruled by a king or queen
3	7	George Washington	American Revolution and Constitutional Convention leader
3	7	federal system	power divided between national and state governments
3	7	Articles of Confederation	first constitution of the U.S.; too weak
3	7	Bill of Rights	limits government power
3	7	Northwest Ordinance	plan to settle Illinois and the 'West'
3	7	Enlightenment	use knowledge, reason and science to improve society
3	7	tariff	tax on imported goods
3	7	census	official population count
3	7	amendments	official changes to a constitution
3	7	U.S. Congress	benefits from the 'elastic clause'
3	7	veto	power to stop a bill
3	7	Great Compromise	large and small states accept Congress design
3	7	3/5 Compromise	agreement on how to count slave population
4	8	Bill of Rights	first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution
4	8	tariff	tax on imports or exports
4	8	national debt	amount owed by a nation's government
4	9	judicial review	U.S. Supreme Court power to interpret laws
4	9	France	sold the Louisiana Territory to the U.S.
4	9	Lewis and Clark	led the expedition to explore the Louisiana Purchase
4	9	Marbury v. Madison	established judicial review powers
4	10	Great Britain	where the Industrial Revolution began
4	10	Industrial Revolution	changed the way people worked to make goods
4	10	technology	applies scientific discoveries to practical use
4	10	Eli Whitney	inventor of the cotton gin
4	10	Francis Cabot Lowell	his mill started the factory system in the U.S.
4	10	Henry Clay	helped delay the splitting of the U.S. through Congressional compromises
5	11	secede.	Some Southerners wanted to break away from the United States or to
5	11	the spoils system.	The practice of replacing government employees with the winning candidate's supporters became known as
5	11	Andrew Jackson	This man and federal troops led the Cherokee west in the Trail of Tears.
5	12	the Alamo	About the defenders of this place, Santa Anna said, "The Texans fought more like devils than like men."
5	12	vigilantes	This group took the law into their own hands in Gold Rush society.
5	12	Rio Grande	The United States insisted this was the border between the United States and Mexico.
5	12	Gold Rush	This ended in a few years but had long-lasting effects on California's economy.
5	12	Brigham Young	This man led the Mormon migration to the Great Salt Lake area.
5	12	Manifest Destiny.	The belief that the United States was set apart to extend its boundaries to the Pacific was called
5	12	Gadsden Purchase	With this purchase the continental United States reached its present size.
5	13	trade unions	Workers formed these organizations with other workers of the same skills.
5	13	Ireland	Famine caused people from this country to immigrate to the United States.
5	13	cotton	This was "king" and the main topic of conversation in the South.
5	14	Transcendentalists.	Writers Margaret Fuller, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Henry David Thoreau were known as
5	14	suffrage movement	Women fighting to end slavery recognized their own bondage and formed this movement.
5	14	Second Great Awakening.	In the early 1800s stirring the nation was a wave of religious fervor known as the
5	14	temperance	This movement called for drinking little or no alcohol.
5	14	Frederick Douglass	This powerful and influential writer and speaker purchased his freedom from the slaveholder he had fled.
5	14	Underground Railroad.	The network of escape routes out of the South for enslaved people came to be called the
5	14	Harriet Tubman	Slaveholders offered a large reward for this Underground Railroad conductor's capture or death.
5	14	women.	The Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 was a meeting to discuss the rights of ___

Vocabulary:

Week	Term	Definition
9/19	obituary	summary of a life
9/19	legacy	ideas/ things that outlast existence
10/1	artifact	a human created physical object
10/1	foreshadow	hint of things to come
10/1	distort	change from the original condition
O29/ B	domestic tranquility	peace in the nation
O29/ B	common defense	united for protection
O29/ B	general welfare	overall good of the nation
O29/ B	posterity	descendents